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Transparent and flexible metamaterial absorbers can provide solutions for electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic radiation pollution. They also play key roles in platforms with optical windows that require low detectability and immunity to electromagnetic interference. Due to the lack of active adaptability to complex electromagnetic environments, early metamaterial absorbers need to be redesigned and manufactured once the application scenarios change. The new two-dimensional material graphene provides a practical technical approach for the realization of transparent tunable absorbers. In this work, we propose a polarization-insensitive dual-tunable microwave absorber based on graphene metasurface. By controlling two separate bias voltages applied to patterned graphene or continuous graphene, independent dynamic regulation of electromagnetic wave absorption frequency and amplitude is achieved. It also possesses the features of optical transparency and flexibility. The measurement results show that the absorption frequency can be shifted from 9.8 to 11.3 GHz, the peak absorption rate at each absorption frequency remains above 99.6%, and the reflection amplitude modulation can be achieved simultaneously at each absorption frequency. The proposed absorber integrates multiple modulation functions for electromagnetic waves, and the overall structure is optically transparent and flexible. Therefore, it can contribute to many practical wave absorbing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Most electromagnetic compatibility studies carried out in the context of power switch research are generally valid for low frequencies. This frequency restriction appears to be too restrictive for a complete analysis of the electromagnetic interference conducted. The novelty of this work lies in the load-dependent an optimal selection of IGBTs and MOSFETs for least-disturbance power switching in the frequency range from 150 kHz to 30 MHz, based on an optimal experimental selection procedure and show the impact of load value on switch switching and noise generation. Purpose. Analysis of the fundamental possibility of selecting a switching device with a power supply based on an experimental measurement which allows to increase the reliability of the entire mechanism operation and significantly simplify the design. Methods. In this paper, the proposed study is used and compared with experimental results at low and high frequencies. Then, a comparison is made for conducted electromagnetic interference (common-mode and differential-mode) generated by IGBT and MOSFET for different loads, and the proposed methodology is verified on an experiment suitable for predicting terminal overvoltage analysis and conducted electromagnetic interference problems. Practical value. The primary method for establishing a conducted electromagnetic interference source for switching devices is based on IGBT and a MOSFET depending on the resistive load. References 22, figures 17.

The paper proposes an approach to predicting the electromagnetic resistance of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) when exposed to an electrostatic discharge. The approach is based on the study of the electromagnetic environment and electromagnetic interference in the interface communication lines of the UAV onboard equipment. The effect of a discharge of static electricity from an engine blade on a UAV fuselage made of a composite material is considered. From the results of the study of the electromagnetic environment in the intra-fuselage space, it can be seen that the strength of the electromagnetic field at the calculation points reaches sufficiently large values, therefore, the electromagnetic compatibility of the UAV onboard equipment may deteriorate. The predicted levels of electromagnetic interference in the interface communication lines will also lead to a malfunction of the onboard equipment of the UAV. Technical measures are proposed that will ensure the electromagnetic stability of the UAV when exposed to a discharge of static electricity.

Due to the quick growth of portable/wearable devices and electronics, the development of high efficiency flexible electromagnetic interference shielding films is a hot research topic. This work discusses the latest advances in flexible carbon‐based electromagnetic interference shielding films, such as constructing desirable structures, combining with magnetic constituents, and filling with polymer matrices. The new construction strategies, preparation methods, performances, and associated mechanisms are summarized. Moreover, the synergism, multifunctionality, and potential application of outstanding carbon‐based electromagnetic interference shielding films including graphene‐based, CNT‐based, and carbon fiber‐based films are analyzed in detail. Additionally, some significant issues and prospective views on carbon‐based composites as flexible electromagnetic interference shielding films are also presented. Highlights: The latest progress of flexible carbon‐based EMI shielding filmsConstructing desirable structure, synergizing with others, designing CPCsThe relationship between preparation, structure, property, and mechanismsThe synergism, multifunctionality, application of EMI shielding filmsKey challenges and future perspectives of carbon‐based EMI shielding films [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is investigating the use of short carbon fiber (SCF) and silver‐coated hollow glass microsphere (Ag@HGM) reinforced epoxy light‐weight composites for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications in the X‐band frequency range (i.e., 8–12 GHz). The study found that Ag@HGM along with SCF significantly improved the dielectric properties of the composites and enhanced the EMI shielding effectiveness of 34.6 dB. Thermal analysis indicates that the sample shows a high rate of heat dissipation and good thermal conductivity. The dynamic mechanical analysis has indicated that the composite has improved storage modulus, glass transition temperature, and activation energy. Highlights: SCF and Ag@HGM epoxy composite is fabricated for EMI shielding application.Two steps: etching and electroless coating of HGM are used for silver coating.The addition of Ag@HGM has enhanced total SE from 27.4 to 34.6 dB.EM wave gets scattered, experiences internal reflections view SCF and Ag@HGM.Additionally, enhancement of thermal and mechanical properties is observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Double-negative performance has played a significant role in electronic applications owing to its both permeability and permittivity negative values. Microwave absorption material has a substantial role in electromagnetic shielding, radar absorption, stealth applications, etc. Herein, a novel double-negative metacomposite, SrFe 12 O 19 /rGO, was designed by a simple one-pot hydrothermal method, and the microwave absorption properties of the material were studied in the microwave region from 2 to 18 GHz using VNA analysis. The structural and morphological studies were analysed using XRD, FT-IR, and SEM instrumentation techniques and the magnetic property of the material was studied using VSM analysis. Both studies confirmed the hard magnetic nature of the material. The particle sizes of SrFe 12 O 19 and SrFe 12 O 19 /rGO measured from XRD are 55.60 nm and 41.55 nm, respectively. Hexagonal plate-like morphology were observed from FESEM images. The coercivity of SrFe 12 O 19 /rGO increased, and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy was changed due to the decrease in particle size. The magnetic saturation value decreases due to the presence of non-magnetic rGO. The resultant SrFe 12 O 19 /rGO metacomposite shows negative permittivity and permeability values. The minimum reflection loss values observed for pure and rGO-decorated strontium ferrites are −28.49 dB at 7.76 GHz and −23.78 at 11.04 GHz, respectively. In addition to experimental results, simulation studies were also performed to study the reflection loss with matching thickness using a quarter wavelength mechanism. The results show that this composite can be employed as a left-handed metamaterial that finds applications in absorption, antennas, sensors, wireless power transfer systems, etc. The left-handed metamaterial can shift the frequency region from a lower to a higher frequency region. The rGO decorated metacomposite is a promising material for microwave absorption at higher frequency regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This paper proposes a new extendable multicell topology based on the conventional quasi‐Z‐source converter (QZSC). The proposed topology has a multicell scheme and employs an active switched capacitor/inductor (ASC/SL) network. Therefore, it is entitled extended multicell ASC/SL QZSC (EMc‐ASC/SL‐QZSC). The proposed topology is augmented by cascading a modular cell consisting of two capacitors, an inductor, and a diode. The EMc‐ASC/SL‐QZSC offers significant advantages over existing QZSC‐based configurations. It has a high boosting capability that results in a wider output voltage range while simultaneously reducing voltage stress on capacitors and switching devices, all without losing voltage gain. Furthermore, this topology effectively reduces input current ripple, which contributes to a smoother charging current profile for capacitors, reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and improving overall efficiency. The practicality and performance of the EMc‐ASC/SL‐QZSC topology are comprehensively assessed through extensive numerical simulations and experimental verification, utilizing a laboratory‐built prototype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility (EMI–EMC) are a serious problem in Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS), and specially in powered by wireless energy transfer MEMS. Most MEMS have dimensions in the order of 1 mm or less, thus, most of the suitable electromagnetic radiation sources have wavelengths larger than this, making isolation of electromagnetic effects very difficult. Model‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) can be an excellent tool to deal with EMI—EMC in MEMS during early design phases. In this work, we present a problem‐solving procedure and integration of EMI—EMC in MEMS from a Model‐Based Systems Engineering perspective. This approach is described in detail by a real example using a procedure based on nine steps fully integrated with the proposed systems engineering methodology. For example, the use of context diagrams (IBDs) and N SQUARE charts to describe EMC interactions is explained in detail. The system is formed by a Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) subsystem working near 2.45 or 4.5 GHz coupled to an electromagnetic micromotor. This micromotor contains copper microcoils which can receive electromagnetic radiation directly at the same time that the WPT subsystem. The greatest difficulty is, then, to power the WPT while isolating the micromotor, and optimizing the coupling interface. A summary of the most important EMC concepts and tools are reviewed from the systems engineer perspective and possible problems during the design and testing phases are discussed in detail using the example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of electronic devices in various fields has stimulated an increased demand for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials working in ultra‐wideband frequencies of gigahertz. However, the aggregation problem and single attenuation mechanism severely limit the broadband shielding applications of nanomaterials. To address these challenges, a novel composite of parallel expanded graphite (EG) embedded in the densified Fe3O4 matrix is designed and successfully synthesized through the in situ chemical coprecipitation followed by pressure sintering. This unique structure creates heterogeneous interfaces by combining the conductive EG and magnetic Fe3O4. The significant dielectric and magnetic loss then arise from conduction and polarization loss, as well as the eddy current and resonance effects. The multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves between the oriented EG sheets further cause the "absorb–reflect–reabsorb" effect that prolongs the propagation paths and enhances the dissipation of electromagnetic waves. Based on these multiple mechanisms over an ultrawide range of frequencies (8.2–40 GHz), the EG/Fe3O4 composites exhibit exceptional EMI shielding performance, with an average shielding effectiveness of 29.3 dB, indicating the potential for multifunctional EMI shielding applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aerospace industry has progressively grown its use of composites. Electrically conductive nanocomposites are among important modern materials for this sector. We report on a bulk composite containing silver nanowires (AgNW) and an aerospace grade epoxy for use in carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs). AgNWs' surfaces were also modified to enhance their ability to be dispersed in epoxy. Composites were obtained by use of three-roll milling which is of major interest for industrial applications, especially for the aerospace sector, since the process is scalable and works for aerospace grade resins with high curing temperatures. Our main objective is to improve the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance of CFRPs via improving the properties of the resin material. The addition of AgNWs did not considerably alter the flexural strength of the epoxy, however the composite with surface-modified AgNWs has a 46 % higher flexural strength. Adding AgNWs over a low threshold concentration of 0.05 wt% significantly enhanced the electrical conductivity. Conductivities above the percolation threshold lie around 102 S/m. At a concentration of 5 wt% AgNW, the EMI shielding efficiency (SE) of epoxy increased from 3.49 to 12.31 dB. Moreover, the thermal stability of the epoxy was unaffected by AgNWs. As a result, it was discovered that (surface modified) AgNWs improved the (multifunctional) capabilities of the aerospace grade epoxy resin which might be used in CFRPs to further enhance properties of composites parts, demonstrating suitability of AgNWs' as a reinforcement material in aerospace applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Field data and simulated results were used to reveal ecological impacts of OWFs. • OWFs have direct and indirect impacts on the marine species at each trophic level. • Marine ecosystem evolves into more complex state due to OWFs installation. • Ecological risk management and life-cycle-assessment of OWFs have been suggested. • Carbon emission and deposition caused by OWFs in marine ecosystem should be assessed. The global demand for renewable energy has resulted in a rapid expansion of offshore wind farms (OWFs) and increased attention to the ecological impacts of OWFs on the marine ecosystem. Previous reviews mainly focused on the OWFs' impacts on individual species like birds, bats, or mammals. This review collected numerous field-measured data and simulated results to summarize the ecological impacts on phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos, fishes, and mammals from each trophic level and also analyze their interactions in the marine food chain. Phytoplankton and zooplankton are positively or adversely affected by the 'wave effect', 'shading effect', oxygen depletion and predation pressure, leading to a ± 10% fluctuation of primary production. Although zoobenthos are threatened transiently by habitat destruction with a reduction of around 60% in biomass in the construction stage, their abundance exhibited an over 90% increase, dominated by sessile species, due to the 'reef effect' in the operation stage. Marine fishes and mammals are to endure the interferences of noise and electromagnetic, but they are also aggregated around OWFs by the 'reef effect' and 'reserve effect'. Furthermore, the complexity of marine ecosystem would increase with a promotion of the total system biomass by 40% through trophic cascade effects strengthen and resource partitioning alternation triggered by the proliferation of filter-feeders. The suitable site selection, long-term monitoring, and life-cycle-assessment of ecological impacts of OWFs that are lacking in current literature have been described in this review, as well as the carbon emission and deposition. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The heterogeneous interface generally offers unique conductive behaviors in nacre‐like films. Reasonable interface and composition regulation are important to enhance EMI shielding performance when containing one and two dimensional nanofillers together. Herein, a series of flexible cellulose‐based EMI shielding nacre‐like films with different content of AgNWs and/or Ti3C2Tx nanosheets were prepared by vacuum‐assisted filtration method. To explore their different interaction behaviors, three different nacre structures (mixed, double‐layered, and multilayered structure) are fully prepared. The comparison results show that the Ti3C2Tx sheets are more advantageous to form a conductive path at a lower addition (<15%) than AgNWs. Surprisingly, the mixed structure leads to even lower SET values due to the break of original compact conductive network and interface resistance enhancement. Particularly, the layered‐structure film obtains the synergistic effect. However, with increasing layer numbers, the SET values reached the maximum at six layers (54.86 dB) and then dropped to 51.50 dB at eight layers, which is even lower than that of two layers (52.36 dB). Consequently, this work provided a detailed contrastive experimental process and discussion to obtain optimal EMI shielding films by adjusting composition and architecture. The interface coupling strategy may offer a useful path to guide the structural design. Highlights: EMI shielding nacre‐like films were prepared with interface structure.Synergistic shielding effect of 1D AgNWs and 2D Ti3C2Tx nanosheets.Mixed, double‐layered, and multilayered structural films were prepared.The layered structure exhibits superior EMI SE than mixed structure.Excessive layered structure leads to the degradation of EMI SE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As microelectronic technology advances, electronic devices have become faster and smaller. The electromagnetic radiation has negative effects on electronic device operation, how to eliminate the electromagnetic radiation has attracted much attention. Copper foil is the most commonly used and effective material for reducing electromagnetic radiation. In practical applications, it is necessary to use adhesive to fix it onto the surface of electronic devices. In this work, an integrated electromagnetic shielding material (AgPs/TPU@Cu hybrid film) was designed and prepared by a facile way, in which the mixture of silver particles (AgPs) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was cured to form a AgPs/TPU composite film on the surface of copper foil (Cu) by a one-pot heating press processing. The horizontal and vertical electrical resistances of AgPs/TPU composite film decreased to 0.2 Ω and 0.47 Ω at the AgPs loading of 38 wt%, respectively, and the corresponding thermal conductivity reached 0.81 W m−1 K−1. Moreover, the AgPs/TPU@Cu hybrid film at the AgPs loading of 38 wt% exhibited the maximum electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) value of 105 dB. This work provides valuable information about EMI shielding technologies for practical electronic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Composite polymer materials featured superior thermal conductivity, flame retardancy, and electromagnetic shielding performance are increasingly in demand due to the rapid development of highly miniaturized, portable, and flexible electronic devices. Herein, a facile and green ball milling shear method is utilized for generating MXene@Boron nitride (MXene@BN). The multi‐functional fillers (MXene@BN) are constructed and incorporated into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to prepare a multifunctional composite (PDMS/MXene@BN) for achieving improved electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance and thermal conductivity as well as flame retardancy simultaneously. When the PDMS/MXene@BN composite has a MXene@BN loading of 2.4 wt.%, it exhibits a high thermal conductivity of 0.59 W m−1K−1, which is 210% higher than that of the pure PDMS matrix. This is attributed to its unique chestnut‐like double‐layer structure. With a smoke production rate (SPR) of 0.04 m2 s−1 and total smoke production (TSP) of 3.51 m2, PDMS/MXene@BN 2.4 composite exhibits superb smoke suppression properties. These SPR and TSP values are 63.20% and 63.50% lower than the corresponding values of pure PDMS. Moreover, the EMI SE of the PDMS/MXene@BN 2.4 can reach 26.3 dB at 8.5 GHz. The work reported herein provides valuable insight into developing composites with multiple functions, which show strong potential for application in advanced packaging materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)/epoxy composites have been fabricated via gravity molding. The electrical and thermal properties of the composites have been studied with variable GNP type (C300, C500, and C750, whose surface areas are ~300, 500, and 750 m2/g, respectively), GNP loading (5, 10, 12, and 15 wt.%), and dispersion time via ultrasonication (0, 30, 60, and 120 min). By increasing the time of sonication of the GNP into the epoxy matrix, the electrical conductivity decreases, which is an effect of GNP fragmentation. The best results were observed with 10–12% loading and a higher surface area (C750), as they provide higher electrical conductivity, thereby preserving thermal conductivity. The influence of sonication over electrical conductivity was further analyzed via the study of the composite morphology by means of Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD), providing information about the aspect ratio of GNPs. Moreover, electromagnetic shielding (EMI) has been studied up to 4 GHz. Composites with C750 and 120 min ultrasonication show the best performance in EMI shielding, influenced by their higher electrical conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pristine polyaniline and polyaniline/iron oxide-based nanocomposites with efficient microwave shielding properties have been synthesized by in-situ polymerization route. The morphological and molecular bonding properties of prepared samples have been examined using Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques, respectively. FESEM studies reveal the formation of 100–500 nm size agglomerates of polyaniline (PANI) and its nanocomposites with Fe3O4. FTIR spectroscopy endorses the synthesis of desired materials through the presence of required fundamental bands. Moreover, the increase in electrical conductivity with Fe3O4 can be analyzed through the enhancement in area under the curve of –NH+= band. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties of synthesized materials have been investigated in X-band region (8.2–12.4 GHz) of electromagnetic radiations. The total EMI blocking efficiency for pristine PANI sample is found to be ~ 31 dB, and the blocking efficiency of PANI is found to be further improved with the embedment of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in different concentrations. The synthesized materials are well-matched with the standards of industrial requirements in terms of shielding efficiency (i.e., > 30 dB), light weight and attenuation ability (> 99%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mechanical and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties are investigated for developed synthesized green composite. The varying content of kenaf fiber‐reinforced high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) composite has been fabricated using microwave‐assisted compression molding techniques with and without the addition of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). X band range has been used for EMI shielding characterization. Optimization for mechanical strength has been done using tensile test, impact test, and translaminar fracture toughness test. Fractography by scanning electron and optical microscopy concluded that interfacial adhesion between kenaf fiber and HDPE matrix and the degree of ductility of the matrix are primary governing factors for change in mechanical properties. The differential scanning calorimetry confirmed no change in the degree of crystallization of the matrix with the addition of MWCNTs. Composite with EMI shielding effect above 30 dB along with superior mechanical properties is obtained at 16% (v/v) kenaf fiber content with the addition of 5% (wt.) conductive MWCNTs for possible application in electronic equipment casing, overhead bin, or unmanned aerial vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work showcases the production of flexible polydimethylsiloxane/multiwalled carbon nanotube (PDMS/MWCNT) composites with multilayer structures via the glucose template method followed by vacuum‐assisted filtration and hot pressing. The properties of the single‐layer and multilayer composites have been systematically investigated. In the X‐band, thanks to the ohmic loss, the interfacial polarization loss at the interfaces and the multiple reflections between PDMS/MWCNT layers, the 5‐layer PDMS/MWCNT composites achieves 65.9 dB. Furthermore, all multilayer PDMS/MWCNT composites present a high retention rate of about of 90% after repeated bending with curvature radius of 1.8 mm at a frequency of 1 cycle per 2 s for 1000 times. Highlights: The PDMS/MWCNT composites are fabricated by the glucose template method.The 5‐layer PDMS/MWCNT composites can reach 65.9 dB in X‐band.The PDMS/MWCNT composites present high stability even after repeated bending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, in order to overcome electromagnetic interference and prevent electromagnetic harm, the research of new and efficient electromagnetic wave absorbing materials has become the research focus in the field of materials science. The one-dimensional structure can promote the impedance matching and attenuation characteristics of the absorbing materials. Electrospinning, as an effective method to prepare nanofibers with high length-diameter ratio, has been widely concerned because it is suitable for structural design of various materials. In this paper, the research progress and absorption properties of nano-fiber materials prepared by electrospinning combined with different processes are introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a significant stride in microwave absorption technology through the integration of a meander line (MDL) pattern with a heterogeneous composite (HC) fused perforated microwave absorber (PFMA). Through a comprehensive analysis, it is demonstrated that the integration of these approaches leads to improved performance compared to traditional absorber configurations. The conversion of the micron‐sized titanium dioxide (TiO2) and nano‐sized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) based HC into a PFMA is achieved using a drilling machine. Following this, an MDL pattern is deposited to impart the desired characteristics, ultimately resulting in the development of a final absorber structure. Notably, the absorber achieves a wide absorption bandwidth while maintaining an ultra‐thin structure of only 1.8 mm. Its lightweight, miniaturized design, good angular stability, and polarization insensitivity enhance its practical utility for diverse applications. Beyond theoretical contributions, this research demonstrates the practical feasibility of fabricating and measuring the proposed absorber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The colossal development of modern electronic devices has inevitably led to an increase in electromagnetic interference (EMI), which has gradually become the fourth most prevalent type of pollution in the world. It is therefore necessary to seek more effective EMI‐shielding materials to overcome the shortcomings of conventional metal‐based materials, which include high density, a lack of mechanical flexibility, low corrosion resistance and costly processing. Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) have attracted more and more attention due to their superiority in many aspects. However, their performances should be further enhanced for future applications. One polymer with only one type of filler often cannot meet this kind of requirement. In this paper, filled polymer materials for EMI shielding are reviewed in terms of their processing, rheological properties, conductivity, and shielding effectiveness. Moreover, the combination of different ingredients and fillers when fabricating multicomponent composites for EMI shielding is also highlighted. The coordination of various components in composites with different structures, including solid, segregated, layered/sandwiched, and foamed/porous structures, is then discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electromagnetic pollution problem is becoming increasingly serious due to the speedy advance of electronic communication devices. There are broad application prospects for the development of flexible, wearable composite films with high electromagnetic interference (EMI)-shielding performance. The MX@AC composite films were prepared from MXene, silver nanowires (AgNWs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with a sandwich structure. Benefiting from the upper and lower frame structure formed by winding 1D AgNWs and CNC, the tensile strength of the MX@AC was improved to 35 MPa (12.5 wt% CNC content) from 4 MPa (0 wt% CNC content). The high conductivity of MXene and AgNWs resulted in the MX@AC composite film conductivity up to 90,670 S/m, EMI SE for 90 dB, as well as SSE/t up to 7797 dB cm2 g−1. And the MX@AC composite film was tested for practical application, showing that it can effectively isolate electromagnetic waves in practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic wireless charging (DWC) has emerged as a viable approach to mitigate range anxiety by ensuring continuous and uninterrupted charging for electric vehicles in motion. DWC systems rely on the length of the transmitter, which can be categorized into long-track transmitters and segmented coil arrays. The segmented coil array, favored for its heightened efficiency and reduced electromagnetic interference, stands out as the preferred option. However, in such DWC systems, the need arises to detect the vehicle's position, specifically to activate the transmitter coils aligned with the receiver pad and de-energize uncoupled transmitter coils. This paper introduces various machine learning algorithms for precise vehicle position determination, accommodating diverse ground clearances of electric vehicles and various speeds. Through testing eight different machine learning algorithms and comparing the results, the random forest algorithm emerged as superior, displaying the lowest error in predicting the actual position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classifying the flow subsequences of sensor networks is an effective way for fault detection in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Traditional fault detection algorithms identify exceptions by a single abnormal dataset and do not pay attention to the factors such as electromagnetic interference, network delay, sensor sample delay, and so on. This paper focuses on fault detection by continuous abnormal points. We proposed a fault detection algorithm within the module of sequence state generated by unsupervised learning (SSGBUL) and the module of integrated encoding sequence classification (IESC). Firstly, we built a network module based on unsupervised learning to encode the flow sequence of the different network cards in the IIoT gateway, and then combined the multiple code sequences into one integrated sequence. Next, we classified the integrated sequence by comparing the integrated sequence with the encoding fault type. The results obtained from the three IIoT datasets of a sewage treatment plant show that the accuracy of the SSGBUL–IESC algorithm exceeds 90% with subsequence length 10, which is significantly higher than the accuracies of the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm and the time series forest (TSF) algorithm. The proposed algorithm reaches the classification requirements for fault detection for the IIoT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding fabrics are crucial in addressing the increasingly serious electromagnetic pollution. To meet wearable requirements, stretchability and thermal comfortability are often desired, but which still are challenging. Herein, a stretchable EMI shielding fabric is fabricated via electrospinning coupled with biaxial pre‐stretching spraying, in which a block stacking wrinkled silver nanowire (AgNW)/Ti3C2Tx MXene network is coated on one side of electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fabric. As expected, the wrinkled structure protects conductive network from fracture during stretching process, so as to realize the strain‐invariant electrical conductivity. Thus, the fabric exhibits a stretchable EMI shielding performance of over 40 dB when subjected to 10–50% uniaxial strains or 21–125% biaxial strains. More importantly, the white TPU/PDMS side and the black AgNW/MXene side enable the fabric passive radiative cooling and heating, respectively. The cooling side exhibits high mid‐infrared emissivity (97.5%) and solar reflectance (90%), thus reducing the skin temperature by ≈4.9 °C. The heating side with high solar absorptivity (86.6%) and photothermal effect increased the skin temperature by ≈5 °C. Therefore, the fabirc with stretchable EMI shielding and Janus‐type dual‐mode personal passive thermal management is promising in future wearable products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advances in mobile electronics and telecommunication systems along with 5G technologies have been escalating the electromagnetic interference (EMI) problem in recent years. Graphene-based material systems such as pristine graphene, graphene-polymer composites and other graphene-containing candidates have been shown to provide adequate EMI shielding performance. Besides achieving the needed shielding effectiveness (SE), the method of applying the candidate shielding material onto the object in need of protection is of enormous importance due to considerations of ease of application, reduced logistics and infrastructure, rapid prototyping and throughput, versatility to handle both rigid and flexible substrates and cost. Printing readily meets all these criteria and here we demonstrate plasma jet printing of thin films of graphene and its composite with copper to meet the EMI shielding needs. SE over 30 dB is achieved, which represents blocking over 99.9% of the incoming radiation. Graphene and its composite with copper yield higher green index compared to pure copper shields, implying reduced reflection of incoming electromagnetic waves to help reduce secondary pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a grey-box model of a DC/DC boost converter for PV energy systems. The proposed model contains a white-box model part and a black-box model part together to prepare a better model for the PV boost converter. The white-box model part is used for knowledge of the circuit by mathematical equations since the black-box model part is used for unknown parameters such as temperature and electromagnetic interference. The black-box part of the proposed model is created by a nonlinear system identification of a real boost converter circuit with an artificial neural network. The precision of the mathematical model and the advantages of the fast prediction ability of the artificial neural network were used together. The proposed grey-box model is compared with the existing state-space and black-box models and experimental results. The results of the study showed that the average correlation between the proposed grey-box model output and the experimental results is 97.52%. Therefore, the proposed model can be used for analyzing DC/DC boost converter output characteristics before field applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A thin, lightweight and flexible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding paper composite is an urgent need for modern military confrontations. Herein, a sandwich-structured EMI shielding paper composite with an easy pavement consisting of a filter paper layer, middle AgNWs/MXene layer, and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) layer was constructed by vacuum-assisted filtration, spraying and air-drying. The middle AgNWs/MXene compound endowed the filter paper with excellent electrical conductivity (166 S cm−1) and the fabricated filter paper–AgNWs/MXene–PVB composite exhibits superior EMI shielding (30 dB) with a 141 μm thickness. Remarkably, the specific EMI shielding effectiveness (SSE/t) of the filter paper–AgNWs/MXene–PVB composite reached 13,000 dB cm2 g−1 within the X-band frequency range. This value represents one of the highest reported for cellulose-based EMI shielding materials. Therefore, our sandwich-structured filter paper composite with superior EMI shielding performance can be used in the medical and military fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the magnetic shielding requirements of both geomagnetic field and 50 Hz power-line frequency in the complex working conditions of the power grid, an electromagnetic shielding system combining active and passive modes is proposed in this article. A three-dimensional Helmholtz coil with a magnetic shielding barrel nested inside is established by the COMSOL simulation tool, and the magnetic shielding efficiency of the system is analyzed. Comparing different materials, the simulation results indicate that permalloy alloy exhibits better shielding performance than pure iron and nickel materials. Additionally, the overall shielding efficiency of the shielding barrel increases linearly with the number of multiple layers. Under the combined active and passive electromagnetic shielding conditions, the system achieves a shielding efficiency of SE = 113.98 dB, demonstrating excellent performance in shielding both AC and DC interference magnetic fields. This study provides theoretical guidance for the construction of magnetic shielding systems in electromagnetic interference environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the development of pulse width modulation (PWM) schemes for three-phase quasi-Z-source inverters (qZSIs). These inverters are notable for their voltage boost capability, built-in short-circuit protection, and continuous input current, making them suitable for low-voltage-fed applications like photovoltaic or fuel cell-based systems. Despite their advantages, qZSIs confront challenges such as increased control complexity and a larger number of passive components compared to traditional voltage source inverters (VSIs). In addition, most existing PWM schemes for qZSIs lack the capability for independent control of the amplitude modulation index and duty cycle, which is essential in closed-loop applications. This study introduces innovative space-vector PWM (SVPWM) schemes, addressing issues of independent control, synchronization, and unintentional short-circuiting in qZSIs. It evaluates several established continuous and discontinuous PWM schemes, and proposes two novel decoupled SVPWM-based schemes that integrate dead time and in which the shoot-through occurrence is synchronized with the beginning of the zero switching state. These novel schemes are designed to reduce switching losses and improve qZSI controllability. Experimental validation is conducted using a custom-developed electronic circuit board that enables the implementation of a range of PWM schemes, including the newly proposed ones. The obtained results indicate that the proposed PWM schemes can offer up to 6.8% greater efficiency and up to 7.5% reduced voltage stress compared to the closest competing PWM scheme from the literature. In addition, they contribute to reducing the electromagnetic interference and thermal stress of the related semiconductor switches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long‐time indoor exposure to electromagnetic waves generated by electronic devices has posed a threat to the health of young life. The threat may intensify in low‐temperature environments due to low immunity. Prolific endeavors have focused on developing electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials but failed to meet the visible, portable, and temperature‐controllable indoor‐use requirements. Herein, a detachable and heatable AgNWs/PU composite film is fabricated by facile spray coating and quick melting. The half‐inserted 3D network structure of AgNWs on PU ensures stable and high conductivity, thus endowing sufficient EMI shielding performance at 27 dB for indoor use. The high transparency (≥73.2%) and strong electrostatic force enable the detachable and portable use of the composite film. The resulting Joule heat at the voltage of 5 V endows a heatable property, which raises to 44.8 °C within 60 s. The AgNWs/PU composite film can self‐adhere in an indoor protective chamber, enabling visual monitoring and blocking electromagnetic radiation while keeping a comfortable inside temperature. The facile fabrication makes the self‐adhesive and multifunctional film possible in large‐scale production for practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a simple and cost-effective method was proposed and developed to prepare a novel multilayer-structured Kevlar®@nickel-phosphorus-boron@copper@copper stearate (Kevlar®@Ni–P–B@Cu@CS) composite fabric with high conductivity, high flexibility, high hydrophobicity, and high durability to effectively shield electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this method, an amorphous Ni–P–B alloy nanolayer was initially deposited onto a Kevlar® fabric via electroless plating. Afterward, a crystalline Cu nanolayer was deposited as the second layer via electroplating. Finally, a monolayer of copper stearate was innovatively self-assembled as the outermost protective layer. The Cu deposition was effectively adjusted and designed by controlling the plating current and plating time. The electrical resistance and contact angle of the optimized Kevlar®@Ni–P–B@Cu@CS composite fabric were as low as 3.2 mΩ sq−1 and as high as 115.39°, respectively, indicating that the fabric could withstand bending, tape-off, corrosion, and accelerated environmental tests. The average EMI-shielding efficiency of the durable composite fabric was 93.9 dB in the frequency range of 8.2–12.4 GHz, which was mainly attributed to the absorption loss. Thus, the proposed material configuration has promise for applications in aviation, aerospace, telecommunication, wearable devices, and military industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a comprehensive numerical investigation of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capabilities of a conductive polymer nanocomposite incorporated with carbon nanotubes (CPNC) in the X-band. The investigation is conducted using a commercial finite element simulation package, Ansys HFSS. The study focuses on analyzing the EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of CPNC by varying the weight percent (wt%) of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), thickness, and shape of the shielding material. Our outcomes show that the EMI SE of CPNC increases with the wt% of CNTs. Notably, a maximum EMI SE is observed around 90 dB due to absorption (SEA) at a 4 mm pallet-shaped CPNC and -180 dB for a hollow cylindrical CPNC (22.86 mm outer diameter and 3 mm thickness) with 2 wt% of CNT. The EMI SE due to absorption (SEA) at a pallet thickness of 4 mm exhibits a significant improvement of 107% compared to the SEA observed at a thickness of 1 mm. These findings highlight the exceptional absorption capabilities and lightweight nature of CPNC, rendering it a promising shielding material for aerospace and satellite communication applications. Highlights • EMI SE of CPNC increases with the wt% of CNT in the polypyrrole (PPy) matrix. • The percolation threshold is observed at a low 2 wt% concentration of CNT. • Thickness of the shielding material influences the EMI SE of CPNC. • CPNC provides absorption-dominated shielding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conductive aerogel is a material with excellent electrical conductivity and unique three-dimensional nano-network structure, formed by doping conductive fillers into the aerogel, or directly through conductive substances such as conductive polymer. In addition, it has the advantages of high porosity, high specific surface area, low density, excellent flexibility and low cost. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research status of conductive aerogels to open up new ideas for scientific research in related fields for readers. Firstly, we summarize the assembly strategies of conductive aerogel. The assembly process includes preparation and drying of the gel. In addition, the aging process is involved. Secondly, we review its conduction mechanism. Then, the effects of pressure, temperature and humidity on the properties of conductive aerogels are summarized. Notably, conductive aerogel has piezoresistive effect because of its elasticity and compressibility. Finally, based on the properties of conductive aerogels and their advantages in electrical conductivity, we summarize the applications of conductive aerogels in supercapacitor, electrocatalysis, sensors and electromagnetic interference shielding. This review summarizes the current development and application of conductive aerogel in recent years, which provides strong support for the future development of conductive aerogel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, a new lightweight syntactic foam is reported with strong mechanical properties, unique multifunctionalities, and recyclability. Multifunctionality of materials and structures has gained ever‐increasing interest as an excellent approach to designing minimalistic systems. Inspired by nature, these materials can perform multiple functions besides bearing a load. Due to their shape‐changing and damage‐healing property, shape memory vitrimers (SMVs) are a great example of multifunctional materials readily exploited for many applications. Using nickel and silver‐plated hollow glass microbubbles (HGMs), an SMV‐based syntactic foam is introduced here that supplements the multifunctionality of SMVs with electrical conductivity and ferromagnetism, which enables a series of additional potentials such as strain sensing, damage monitoring, Joule heating, and electromagnetic interference shielding. Despite its low density and outstanding mechanical properties, this foam exhibits shape memory behavior, which can be triggered by an electrical current, and damage healing capability due to its reversible dynamic covalent bonds. Especially its recyclability makes recycling the expensive silver‐coated and nickel‐coated HGMs feasible, making this foam cost‐effective and environmentally sustainable. With its many features and economical manufacturability, this syntactic foam has a potential to be utilized in many applications, ranging from aerospace structures to biomedical devices to household items. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: We present a method that utilizes ionic liquid-enhanced nanomaterial assembly to fabricate highly stable and large-area MXene-silver nanowire electrodes with ordered layered structures. This approach emphasizes the use of hydrophobic and nonvolatile ionic liquids, which form stable interfaces with water by reducing interface energy, preventing the sedimentation loss of nanomaterials during assembly. The prepared electrodes not only exhibit excellent optoelectronic properties (9.4 Ω sq−1 sheet resistance and 93% transmittance), but also have exceptional antioxidant capacity. The controlled assembly of nanomaterials has demonstrated significant potential in advancing technological devices. However, achieving highly efficient and low-loss assembly technique for nanomaterials, enabling the creation of hierarchical structures with distinctive functionalities, remains a formidable challenge. Here, we present a method for nanomaterial assembly enhanced by ionic liquids, which enables the fabrication of highly stable, flexible, and transparent electrodes featuring an organized layered structure. The utilization of hydrophobic and nonvolatile ionic liquids facilitates the production of stable interfaces with water, effectively preventing the sedimentation of 1D/2D nanomaterials assembled at the interface. Furthermore, the interfacially assembled nanomaterial monolayer exhibits an alternate self-climbing behavior, enabling layer-by-layer transfer and the formation of a well-ordered MXene-wrapped silver nanowire network film. The resulting composite film not only demonstrates exceptional photoelectric performance with a sheet resistance of 9.4 Ω sq−1 and 93% transmittance, but also showcases remarkable environmental stability and mechanical flexibility. Particularly noteworthy is its application in transparent electromagnetic interference shielding materials and triboelectric nanogenerator devices. This research introduces an innovative approach to manufacture and tailor functional devices based on ordered nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In power systems, disturbances between 2 kHz and 150 kHz are called "Supraharmonics" (SH). Although supraharmonics are not a new concept; It has only attracted the attention of researchers, engineers and manufacturers of end-user devices in recent years. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) tests, which are required for placing electrical/electronic devices on the market, require the measurement of harmonic currents (50 Hz-2000 Hz) and the measurement of conducted emission values. However, studies and research in the supraharmonic range are quite limited. As systems using semi-conductor technologies with high power and switching in the kHz range such as photovoltaic energy systems, electric vehicle fast charging stations, high speed digital communication systems become widespread, supraharmonics have also begun to be effective in power distribution systems and cause problems. Today, the struggle against high-frequency disturbances caused by the increased use of electrical and electronic devices, switched power electronic devices and power line communication (PLC) devices is even more prominent. Research conducted in recent years have revealed that disturbances between 2 kHz and 150 kHz cause measurement errors in smart meters, audible noise, malfunctions and performance reductions in electrical devices. In this study, sources of supraharmonics, the problems they cause in devices and networks, measurement methods of supraharmonics and related standards, supraharmonic simulation of sample devices and analysis by measurement are given. Measurements and simulation results show that focusing only on EMC requirements in device designs can cause supraharmonics to be neglected, thus negatively affecting the network and other devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel multi‐conductor electromagnetic coupling model for the sensitive‐wire subject to driven wire in a high‐precision machining workbench is proposed in this paper. The general coupling model for an N‐wire system is derived and is used to evaluate the wire coupling effect. Furthermore, 4‐wire and 3‐wire models are demonstrated to verify the accuracy through full‐wave electromagnetic simulation below 10 MHz. The results show that the error between the proposed method and the full‐wave electromagnetic simulation is less than 10%, demonstrating the high efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method. When the parameters of the driven power wire and the most sensitive wire are fixed and the parameters of neighboring wires are swept, the maximum fluctuation of the induced current on the most sensitive wire is 6.1 dB. The efficient calculation method proposed in this work helps reduce the risk of electromagnetic interference in complex electronic systems and improves the design efficiency of wires. It is promising to become a high‐performance method with high efficiency and precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the coupled‐mode theory is incorporated into the improved frequency‐domain finite element method (FEM) to simulate very low frequency (VLF) propagable modes coupling and interference in the anisotropic Earth‐ionosphere waveguide. The matrix equation of the electric field is solved using parallel lower‐upper factorization technique to speed up the calculation. The method used to determine the propagation constants for different propagable modes is given. After the FEM is validated by comparing simulated results with the measured data, effects of variable geomagnetic information on the attenuation rate, relative phase velocity, mode coupling, and multiple‐mode interference of VLF electromagnetic wave in the anisotropic waveguide are investigated. This work provides an efficient way for improving the prediction accuracy of the VLF communication, positioning, navigation, and timing systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detection of gas concentrations in harsh environments with high performance is an emerging research area. Ensuring that external factors do not affect the detection and that it is immune to electromagnetic interference are key factors in guaranteeing reliable gas detection in a variety of tough environments. Among all types of gas-sensing methods, photoacoustic (PA) methods based on optical interferometers offer high sensitivity, anti-electromagnetic interference capability, and non-magnetic saturation. This article first presents the basic principles and characteristics of the main optical interferometers, the PA effect, and the core technologies of PA gas-sensing methods. It then reviews advanced optical interferometer-based methods for PA gas sensing and summarizes their characteristics, including the heterodyne-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), optical fiber-based MZI, Sagnac interferometer (SI)-based, diaphragm-based extrinsic Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometer (EFPI), cantilever-based EFPI, cantilever-based Michelson interferometer (MI), difference-based MI, and membrane-less optical microphone–photoacoustic spectroscopy (MeoM–PAS) sensing methods. In particular, the MeoM–PAS methods for gas sensing are discussed in detail, as they offer a completely static measurement system and the separation of a PA gas cell from the measuring system for applications in complicated and adverse circumstances. This review also outlines the advantages and limitations of these PA gas-sensing technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a new approach for the solution of the electromagnetic interference impact problem in closed-loop control systems with proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers is proposed. The approach is based on the application of a combined controller that consists of three controllers: PID, PI and I, when only one of them is operating at a time, and which one is operating determines the control error value. The proposed combined controller allows for achieving better resistance of the control system to the noise signals produced by electromagnetic interference compared to PID and PID with low-pass filters in derivative term controllers without deteriorating the dynamic performance of the control system. The operation of the controller has been analysed using simulation and experiments with plants, the dynamics of which are described by first-order plus dead-time transfer functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the assessment of the levels of radiated electromagnetic interference by commercial UAVs in the context of their popular use for various military tasks. The test was conducted in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 6 GHz, in an electromagnetically anechoic chamber, in accordance with the procedures provided for this type of checks. Apart from the control frequencies (which of course exceed the standards), it can be said that most of the tested UAVs using brushless motors do not exceed the emission levels specified by the military standard MIL-STD-461G. This opens the way to the use of COTS UAV as a carrier of electronic systems for the tasks of recognizing sources of radio signals in the investigated band. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for highly efficient and dynamic electric vehicles (EVs) has increased dramatically. The traction inverter, a pivotal component in an EV powertrain, plays a crucial role. This study is dedicated to designing a traction inverter with focus on achieving high efficiency and elevated power density and mitigating electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues. To realize these objectives, autonomous gate drivers (AGDs) are proposed and designed using LTspice simulation software. The aim is to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) at both turn-on and turn-off through the utilization of triangular current mode (TCM) control on the gate driver. The AGDs implement a current modulation scheme by sensing the current and voltage and generating gate-source voltage signals with minimal delays. The implemented current modulation scheme by the AGDs results in an efficiency exceeding 99% for a 10 kW power rating. The sinusoidal output waveforms not only contribute to extending the motor lifespan by mitigating sharp-edge voltages but also bring advantages such as reduced switch stress, decreased EMI, and simplified thermal management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal coatings with micron thickness, high conductivity, and a unique structure that can provide exceptional electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance to insulation substrates are highly desirable, especially if the production method is inexpensive, pollution‐free, and efficient. In this study, the Ar/H2 mixed atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) was utilized to reduce AgNO3 to produce PC + ABS substrates coated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). It was found that the low roughness AgNPs coating has a multilayer network structure, which could exhibit high conductivity and excellent EMI shielding effectiveness (SE). In conclusion, this method is an excellent choice for producing metal EMI shielding coating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile communication base stations have become ubiquitous with the popularization and development of mobile communication services. Although the Chinese government has designated a radio quiet zone (RQZ) specifically for Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), the 4G International Mobile Telecommunications (4G-IMT) system is still heavily used to meet the communication needs around the RQZ. To assess the Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) caused by 4G-IMT base stations on the performance of FAST, this paper employs the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) deterministic radio wave propagation prediction model. The interference of 4G-IMT base stations on FAST is evaluated based on relevant parameters, such as the frequency used by both FAST and the base station, in conjunction with the FAST threshold protection requirements. The results indicate that 47.73 % of the data exceed the radio astronomy protection threshold of FAST. In addition, a field experiment was conducted to verify the accuracy of the radio wave propagation prediction method used. The root-mean-square error between the predicted value and the measured value was found to be 6.94 dB, supporting the accuracy of the predicted results. The findings of this study can help suppress interference from mobile communication services around the RQZ of FAST and optimize the electromagnetic environment around FAST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to fabricate a multifunctional electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composite fabric with simultaneous high-efficiency photothermal conversion and Joule heating performances. Design/methodology/approach: A multifunctional polypyrrole (PPy) hydrogel/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/cotton EMI shielding composite fabric (hereafter denoted as PHMC) was prepared by loading MWCNT onto tannin-treated cotton fabric, followed by in situ crosslinking-polymerization to synthesize three-dimensional (3D) conductive networked PPy hydrogel on the surface of MWCNT-coated cotton fabric. Findings: Benefiting from the unique interconnected 3D networked conductive structure of PPy hydrogel, the obtained PHMC exhibited a high EMI-shielding effectiveness vale of 48 dB (the absorbing electromagnetic wave accounted for 84%) within a large frequency range (8.2–12.4 GHz). Moreover, the temperature of the laminated fabric reached 54°C within 900 s under 15 V, and it required more than 100 s to return to room temperature (28.7°C). When the light intensity was adjusted to 150 mW/cm2, the PHMC temperature was about 38.2°C after lighting for 900 s, indicating high-efficiency electro-photothermal effect function. Originality/value: This paper provides a novel strategy for designing a type of multifunctional EMI shielding composite fabric with great promise for wearable smart garments, EMI shielding and personal heating applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]